“The Prophetic Books”

 Things you will learn
: – Difficult names
– Timelines and dates
– A picture of Israel 
What is a prophet?

 A prophet is a person who speaks from God!
“Thus says the Lord”
– God’s people have become worldly, looking to idols and pagan nations in a sinful way in their character.
– God’s people had turned away and not heeded God’s Word.. They had become emotional people without truth;
who are they? What have
they
become?
– God raised up His prophets, or His messengers, to speak for Him!
– God’s messengers were sent to preach against the sins of His people, to declare prophecies about future events, and to preach God’s loving discipline, toward His people…!
– God’s prophets were sent to shepherd and warn the people in God’s way.
– Hebrews 12:5-11 tells us that whom God loves, He rebukes, and scourges. Deuteronomy 13,18, and 28 tell us why God raised up prophets!
Practical References (Hebrews 10:1-3)
The Universal Witness of Kings David and Solomon The People of God in the Time of Repentance..
Historical Background of the Prophets:
Genesis 1 – Genesis 11 – The History of All Humankind (2000 Year Period)
Genesis 12 – Abraham Comes into the Picture – New History Begins, (Deuteronomy 12:1-3)
God Focuses on One Man, Leaving All Other Nations and Cities.
Abraham..From Whom He Creates a Chosen Nation, on Which Biblical History Is Focused.
– Abraham
– Moses – Deuteronomy 18:15-22
– Joshua Reads Deuteronomy 28, Deuteronomy 20:16-18
– A Clear/Very Clear Command..
The Purpose of Israel as a Nation or Chosen Nation:
1. Witness: To Reveal the One True God – In a Time of Fullness of Pagan Nations and Gentiles!
2. To Reveal/Show the Blessings of Worshiping the True God!
3. To receive, preserve, and transmit the scriptures – through them to mankind!
4. To build a human line for the Messiah!
After reaching the Promised Land – Destroy these nations completely, it was said, with clear instructions from God…
.  Destroy them completely, or you will be affected by them.
– Why did you destroy the Canaanites? Destroy those 7 nations… Answer: Deuteronomy 18:9-14
– Destroy them completely…but what did they do?
– What do we read? – Judges 1:21,27,28,29,30,31,33
– Okay! Let’s not drive out the Canaanites, they are our slaves/laborers/tax payers/dwellers/farmers/drawers of water/cutters of wood for us. Why should we drive them out? We will live in peace, – (we are strong). (they are weak) ……
– The time of the Judges began like this:
Judges 2:2 (verses 1-3)
– God knew exactly what was going to happen.
Judges 2:10,11
– I did not bring you out to serve other gods, but to show the nations what it means to serve the living God; glory and blessing. But you have corrupted yourselves.
– Judges 1:12-14,16 Even so,
 You have forsaken me.
 You have served false gods and idols.
 My anger burns against you.
– Despite all this… the Lord raised up judges, and delivered them from their enemies.

God’s true character revealed
– This cycle continues throughout the time of the judges..

Samuel – Prophet after Moses

– Iho, Shemiah, Azariah, Hanani (2 Chronicles 16:9 King Asa).. – Hananiah
, Huldah the prophetess, 1 Kings 13 man of God and old prophet at Bethel  Why is the prophetic program no longer given to the church in the New Testament
?
–
ຊາຍ This book is a prophecy against Edom, who laughed and sneered when disciplined by the God of Israel and Judah! 88 In Numbers 20:12-21 the people of Edom – (who are brothers) – refused to help Moses and God’s people Israel, when they were in the wilderness after they were delivered from Egypt: 88 In the context of Obadiah : When they received the punishment for the sins of Judah and Israel, they were rejoicing with pride, in the context of 2 Chronicles 21: King Jehoram became king of Judah, after the reigns of Asa and Jehoshaphat; his father and grandfather had walked in the way that was right with God. King Jehoram became afraid and killed his brothers to seize the throne and led God’s people into terrible sins and idolatry. God struck him with an incurable disease in his stomach and intestines, his intestines gushed out and he died, and God allowed the Philistines and the Ethiopians to attack Judah, and God’s people were plagued with trouble! Edom was watching and they were overjoyed and mocked God’s people. Outline the time from Adam to the division of the kingdom? Outline of Obadiah ÷ Igat Islavas 1. Obadiah’s claim – (Ob. 1a) 2. A declaration against Edom – (Ob. 1a – 2) 3. Edom’s pride humbled – (Ob. 3–9) a. Pride of land (vv. 3–4) b. Pride of wealth – vv. 5–6) c. Pride of kinship (vv. 7) d. Pride of wisdom and military power (vv. 8–9) 4. Edom’s justice explained in detail – Ob. 10-14 A. Abuse of Promise (v. 10) B. Ruthless Disloyalty (v. 11) C. Evil Intentions (v. 12) D. Cruel Exploitation (v. 13-14) 5. A Prophecy to the Nations – Obadiah 15-16 6. A Promise to Israel – Obadiah 17-21 A. Picture of the Kingdom (v. 17-20) B. Prophecy Regarding the Kingdom (v. 21)   Obadiah is also called the story of the two mountains. Because we find the book revolving around two mountains: – Mount Zion: which represents God’s people.

Bible Study 
– Mount Seir: which represents the Edomites.
The gist of Obadiah’s message is – God’s people have a glorious future, while those who are enemies of God’s kingdom are destined for eternal destruction!
Explanation according to the LXX:
1. Obadiah’s Claim (1a)
Obadiah begins his short book by revealing the source of his message:
– First, he refers to his book as a vision
– Second, he uses the ancient prophet’s formula, “Thus says the Lord God” to indicate the certainty of divine revelation. Lord – God’s absolute authority as Creator. Lord
– (בְּמִיָּלָבְתָּ
A Proclamation Against Edom: (1a – 2)
– The message from God to Obadiah was directly addressed to Edom:
Yahweh is not a local god who exercises his divinity only in the land of Palestine, he is the Lord of the whole earth.
– “We have heard a message from the Lord
: – Plural – Obadiah and other prophets – Those who read or hear the message with Obadiah
– An ambassador sent among the nations: Must be an angelic being, (as in 1 Kings 22:19-38; Deuteronomy 10:10-21) The ambassador’s job is to convince the nations to join with Yahweh in attacking Edom!
Verse 2 – The result has come – In Hebrew it is written in the perfect tense – which denotes a completed action. The result of the attack was so certain that it was spoken of as having been accomplished. God saw that Edom had been humbled!
3. Edom’s Pride Humiliated – (Obadiah 3-9)
Like all the nations, the Edomites were so proud that they paid no attention to divine warnings. They were deceived into a false sense of security because of the pride of their hearts. The 4 Sources of Edomite Pride Identified
: a. Pride of land (verses 3-4)
So formidable was it that they thought no foreign power could conquer them. The high mountains, unfathomable in height, that surrounded their city:
the countless caves – both natural and man-made – provided a wonderful defense against attack and for launching surprise attacks on the enemy.
Hence the question with pride…..Who will bring me down to the ground? (verse 3b)
Yahweh has the answer for them…..From there I will bring you down to the ground –verse 4)
b. Pride of wealth (verses 5-6)
Edom controlled the great trade route called the King’s Highway, which connected to Damascus. The copper and iron mines in the region also provided a source of wealth….all the treasures hidden in their mountain fortresses will be plundered,
– thieves and robbers will be able to steal until they have had enough….indeed, Jehovah’s agents will strip Edom of all its hidden treasures.
c. Pride of Kinship (verse 7)
Edom felt secure in its various commercial and military connections. Its allies, however, would turn against it.
– Those who were at peace with it would betray it..overcome it..have joined forces with the enemy’s soldiers.
– The bread-eater would be a trap for his friends, known as friends, against Edom.
d. Wisdom and Military Pride (vv. 8-9)

In the ancient world, the Edomites were known for their wisdom. Their wise men would be filled with folly. No advice would be of any use. (Eliphaz – the wisest of Job’s three friends, Teman, was an Edomite) (Job 2:21)
– The mighty and the valiant will not be able to save Edom.
– How could such a powerful nation.
It would be slaughtered from one end to the other, the valiant will not be able to fight.
No one can give a credible explanation for how it was destroyed!
Pride humbled: Pride
I will bring down to you the pride of the land
the pride of wealth wealth will be searched out
relationships pride they will deceive
wisdom and the pride of soldiers wise men will perish/the mighty men will perish.
(verse 3: The pride of your heart has deceived you)

4. The expansion of Edom’s judgment (verses 10-14)
“Because of the violence done to your brother..shame will cover you”
– breaking the brother’s covenant (brother’s covenant) (blood relationship/covenant) Atrocities committed against one’s own brother:
1. The Israelites refused to let them pass through the land as they were traveling to Canaan (Numbers 20:14-21:4,18,20-21)
2. In the reign of King Jehoram (2 Chronicles 21:8-10), Judah rebelled, and joined the Philistines and Arabs in attacking Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 16-18). (853 BC – during the reign of Obadiah)
3. During the reign of King Ahaz (735 BC – 2 Chronicles 28:16-21)
4. During the reign of Zedekiah (597 BC – 2 Chronicles 36:11-21)
b. Ruthless non-cooperation (verse 11)
In this situation, it was a great injustice to do nothing. He did not stand up as a brother, he was on the other side… On the contrary, not coming to the aid of a brother who was oppressed was like one of them, they were as guilty as the ones who plundered Jerusalem!
c. Evil intentions (verse 12)
Obadiah was an eyewitness to the crimes of the Edomites.
4 times ‘day’ is mentioned: “The calamities experienced by God’s people:
1. The day of your brother
2. The day he became a foreigner
3. The day of the Jews’ destruction
4. The day of their distress
in such a situation, looking on, exulting and speaking proudly (this should not have happened!)
(opening their mouths)
d. Cruel exploitation (vv. 13-14)
– Not only that.. the whites became partners in plundering the city
– the Edomites were standing at the crossroads, standing to kill those who escaped from the city.
(Who would do such a thing..being a brother)
5. A prophecy about the nations – vv. 15-16)
Obadiah now makes a statement about the land on which his message against Edom was based. – “The day of the Lord is near.”
– The day of the Lord is first mentioned in the Old Testament
: a day of judgment on the Lord’s enemies and a day of exaltation for His devoted worshippers.
– The voice of that judgment will be: “As you have done, so it will be done to you.”
Obadiah tells Edom, – “Your reward will return upon your own head”
(verse 16) Because all the nations have drunk on God’s holy mountain (wine, drunk to the point of intoxication)
– the desecration of the holy place – including the Edomites – On the day of the Lord all the nations will be forced to drink the wine of God’s fury, the nations will drink it, and “they will be as though they had never been.”
– They will be utterly destroyed!
– Along with Edom, all who display similar behavior will be included. Those who stand far from helping God’s people, those who persecute and mock the church.
Those who profane holy things will face the fierce anger of the Holy One of Israel!
6. A Promise to Israel (vv. 16-21)
In the future, Mount Seir will be a place of pride, Mount Zion will shine.
Obadiah paints a beautiful picture of the nature of God’s kingdom on earth. He presents the ultimate conqueror of God’s kingdom over the entire earth:
A. A Picture of the Kingdom (vv. 17-21)
Five sentences will show that the nature of the kingdom will be very victorious:
1. The kingdom will be a place of security:
The place that the Edomites despised and profaned will become the throne of Yahweh, (Joel 3:17) and his kingdom will be. Mount Zion is – spiritual Jerusalem, (symbolically) (Joel 2:25 ÷ Hebrews 12:22-25) (Revelation 21-22)
2. Mount Zion will be a holy place: separated from the world – those who have come out of the world will be saved on Mount Zion, and will become holy people, ..(verse 17b)
3. Mount Zion is a prosperous place: the house of Jacob..will possess portions of the power.
4. Mount Zion is a unified place: the 12 tribes will be one, whereas in 931 BC the kingdoms and tribes were divided.
5. Mount Zion is a victorious place: (verse 18) – the united people will easily destroy the Edomites with a flame of fire. And the things that will be possessed… (verses 19-20)
b. Prophecy concerning the kingdom (verse 21)
– Many saviors have arisen..even in the time of King Jehoahaz (2 Kings 13:5) To judge means to punish
– the greatest savior..’Jesus Christ’
– “The kingdom shall be the Lord’s” and yes.. (Psalm 22:28) The struggle between Mount Zion and Mount Seir between all the churches and the world will end. The kingdom of Jehovah will be the last forever.
– A kingdom above all kingdoms and will last forever.
– (Deuteronomy 2:2,44) The reference is..÷Zechariah 14:9÷ (Luke 1:33) (Revelation 11:15 and Revelation 19:6)

The contents of the book of Joel are as follows:

God’s judgment
of destruction
Present repentance
and future meaning
(1:1–2:11) (2:12–17)

Joel speaks (37 verses) The blessing

of restoration (2:18–29) God’s salvation through judgment Glorification in the soul

(2:20–3:15) (3:16–21)
God speaks (36 verses)

Of the 73 verses, 50 are prophetic.. (62%) ÷ which contain 25 separate prophecies. Important prophecies (among which)
– The day of the Lord is near (1:15÷2:1–11)
– The outpouring of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost (2:28–29)
– Heavenly events that precede divine judgment (2:30–31÷3:15)
– And the salvation that will come to those who call on the name of the Lord (2:32)
 Joel – The day of the Lord
– God’s judgment is revealed in various forms in the Bible.
– In Joel’s day, Israel faced a devastating plague of locusts.
– The prophet defines the plague as ‘an attempt to bring Israel to repentance’. At the same time, he uses the plague as an example of the evil judgment that is to come:
1. Joel 1:2-13 A Plague to Lament – ​​(See also)
A. Call to the Leaders (1:2-4)
The entire community, including the leaders, is called to listen, not just the chosen ones: Joel wants to draw the attention of his audience to the fact that the plague that is now happening in Judah has never happened before – (verse 4) describes the devastating devastation:
– Israel was now being attacked by a fourfold explosion…
1. The cutting locust
2. The swarming locust 3.
The young
locust 4. The desolate locust
The locusts came in four waves… and whatever was left, the next wave ate! So that the locusts left the land empty… They destroyed everything green.
Locusts
– Locusts eat all green vegetation. The locusts have no king but move in waves.
– The eighth plague in Exodus 10:13-17/The locusts/Matthew 1:6 – John the Baptist used to eat locusts.
The land was desolate because the forests.. the crops… everything green had been destroyed! Great destruction in the production area.
– After calling on the official leaders,
b. Calling on the drunkards (verses 1:5-7)
– What is happening around, – Those who care little – Those who live drunk – Mourn also!
– There is no more wine to get drunk on/The vine is desolate/The vineyard is ruined
– You will no longer be able to use wine as a tool to neglect.
– The Lord says – My land/My vine/My fig tree – That is, the Lord himself was involved in the suffering of his people. He is the owner of the land, the Israelites are like the tenants. He loves the land, which is in great distress!
C. A call to the inhabitants of the city (verses 8-10)
The people: As a virgin mourns for the husband of her youth…so put on sackcloth! Pour out your bitter sorrow.
Sackcloth – a coarsely woven garment…made from goat hair, black in color. Worn on the bare chest – a visible expression of sorrow and abandonment.
– The locusts’ destruction has disrupted the morning and evening sacrifices at the temple.
– Food is stopped. There is no grain, wine, or oil.
– The priests are mourning, for there is nothing to offer to the Lord.
d. A call to the farmers (verses 11-12)
– The farmers are ashamed of their lack of crops…a direct impact.
– There is desolation at harvest time.
e. A call to the priests (verse 13)
– Priests, also, put off your ministry garments and put on sackcloth!
– The daily sacrifices have been stopped. Grain offerings and grain offerings
– The ministry of the priests and altar servants is no more!
Therefore mourn.
Application: Sackcloth – He who lost everything – puts it on (People have lost many things in life, – Put on sackcloth – Return to God)
2. Joel 1:14-20 – Time for Prayer – see above)
– When there was a calamity among the Israelites, they would gather for a special service of national mourning. (Job 20:26) – Joel is convinced that – ‘the time has come’ for the entire community to gather in Jerusalem for a service of mourning at the temple.
– Therefore
a. (verse 14 – gives the meaning) – Declare a general assembly
“fast, gather, and pray!” – All the inhabitants were to “call upon the Lord GOD”!
– Ask for forgiveness/Let no greater calamity come upon them!
b. Explanation (verses 15-18)
The day of the LORD = All those who are living contrary to God’s will, that day will come in a destructive way. As terrible as the plague of locusts was… even more terrible/ The destruction of the Almighty is a complete destruction/ Just as Obadiah said that the day of the LORD would strike the Edomites, so Joel here says that Judah will also feel the judgment on that day!
c. Example (vv. 19–20)
– Joel prayed.. gave an example… so he does
in vv. 16–20 ÷ terrible disasters:
÷. Lack of food÷no food
÷. No sacrifices in the house of the Lord
÷. No seed and grain
÷. Crops destroyed
÷. No pasture for the animals
÷. The rivers are dry
That is why we cry out – O Jehovah!
Even the animals are crying out!
 Why is this happening?
 Why is God angry with the Jews right now? The book of Joel does not say anything, what did they do wrong, God agrees!!
Why? – So our reference was?
Deuteronomy 28 – The Mosaic Covenant÷So if we are Jews and we know the Mosaic Covenant, and if we disobey it, what will be the consequences?
– Curse comes!
– What kind?
So you should read:
Verses 1–14 Blessings
Verses – Curses
 You should read at home (Deuteronomy 28)
 Special verse 15 Are the Jews careful to keep all the commandments and statutes of the Lord their God?
Are they listening?
– In this time…in Joel’s time, that is exactly what the prophets are emphasizing.
– Verses 38-44 match the context
Chapter 1 covers the plague of locusts
Chapter 2 looks forward to the terrible destruction that is to come – which is the ‘dreadful day of the Lord’.
 Joel 2 = Chapters 2:1-26 The Day of Healing
1. A Time to Pay Attention – A Vision of Judgment (Chapters 2:1-11)
a. A Call to Be Aware (2:1-2a)
b. A Description of the Enemy (2:2a-11)
A terrible plague of locusts is coming.
– On the Day of the Lord, the Israelites will have a glorious victory over all their enemies. …(Amos 5:18) – But here God says – The day of the Lord is a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and thick darkness – for those who are unfaithful to Israel and Judah
– like the plague of locusts – Zion will be trampled by a great and powerful nation on the day of the Lord! It has never happened before… It will never happen again!
– If the recent plague was unusual, the coming plague will be unprecedented!
– Description of the enemy….
– There is no escape from judgment Verse 3
– If Israel could not withstand the small army of locusts that was just sent… How can they withstand the armies like the horses of Yahweh?
– Verse 11 Who can stand it?
Joel 1:6 Description:
Revelation 9:7-10 Description
The armies of locusts are coming
, so the armies of men are coming, they will leave nothing behind… They will destroy like the locusts
:  What is the day of the Lord? ÷ What time is it spoken of?
Picture this

– the army has come to Israel many times, but we don’t see it that way!
But during the great tribulation
– this is the day of the Lord, the day of judgment, the day of God’s wrath, the day of God’s vengeance, the day of Jacob’s trouble
– it will affect the whole world, but Israel will be the target.
So this is the battle of Armageddon – at the end of the great tribulation the Antichrist will lead (Revelation 16:13-16÷19:11)
The valley of Megiddo is a good valley,
this is the ‘day of the Lord’ that Joel is talking about.
– In this battle the blood will reach the very noses of the horses.
It will be so devastating. In the day of the Lord, one scholar said, there are 7.5 million people now, maybe more then, but 100,000 people will endure, they will refuse.
– Millions of people will die on the Day of the Lord,
so after Armageddon,
Jesus will come to Jerusalem, shedding blood that will reach Jerusalem – Purification – The 1000-year reign begins Peace and prosperity
2 Chapter 12
As terrifying as the locust plague was, this was not the last day, not the day of the Lord, not the final judgment.
– If this plague leads you to repentance, the devastating consequences of the coming plague will make all Israelites realize the need for repentance!
2. Time to Repent – ​​Vision of Repentance (Joel 2:12-17)
A. P(2:12-13a) = Nature of Repentance
Thus you shall repent…÷Yahweh Himself is calling.
That true repentance will serve to appease His holy wrath.
Turn – “To return to the point where one strayed.”
Biblical Repentance – Not to say sorry÷Not just to forgive for sin = Complete forgiveness of sin is to surrender one’s whole life and heart to God.
It is not pruning the tree of sin but to completely cut it down.
– The point of turning: with all one’s heart
– Do not let outward manifestations replace inward sincerity.
– Fasting, weeping, mourning, tearing of clothes may be outward manifestations÷But tearing of clothes is more than tearing of the heart! (True repentance is heart-rending)!
– So the call to repentance does not say repent of this sin – of course Joel saw the plague of locusts as a punishment for breaking the covenant. So search your own hearts for what you have failed in.
b. Temptation to repent (2:13a-14) Why? Because know the character of your God – (Exodus 34:6)
Mercy – Who knows if He will withhold punishment that is justly due, but He will give grace
(what you do not deserve – that is what you deserve).
– Joel does not guarantee, but we can tell by looking at past records what His character is like? True repentance can lead to His return.
c. Description of repentance (2:15-17) Who?
– Blow the trumpet
– Call a fast
– Declare a general assembly
– People
– Old men
– Children
– Those who suck their breasts
– Those who are newly married
– Priests
The entire population must participate.
3. Time of Healing/Healing – Vision of Restoration (Joel 2:18-29)
A. (2:18-22) – Disaster removed
B. (2:23-27) – The coming Teacher – (The Messiah will be that Teacher)
Verse 25 I will fill that gap “says the Lord”
Verse 26 The locusts had eaten the land – Now you will eat and be satisfied.
Can God restore 10 years and 1 month, yes, of course, in 10 minutes. Can he?
 Joel 2:28-3:21 – The Day of the Spirit
1. Restoration – Vision of Blessing (Joel 2:28-29)
A. 2:28-29 = The Spirit will be poured out
– ‘pouring out of the Spirit’ – gifts in abundance
– Peter takes this passage for the time of Pentecost.
– Sometimes what the prophets said has a double meaning, not just one. This was done at Pentecost plus it also applies in the last days – 7 years in the great tribulation – 144,000 Jews with the Jewish witnesses
– so here it is fulfilled (Acts 2) Picture
Joel prophesying 2. Salvation – that is, the vision of deliverance: (Joel 2:30–32)

Verse 30 – Signs (Heavenly Signs – Matthew 24:21-30
(These are signs before the second coming of Jesus)
Verses 31-32 – This is also true in the last days; it is also true in the church age, because the church was a mystery. (Even the Old Testament prophets did not know)
Romans 10:13 – For everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved!
Romans 10:9-10 – Confession with the mouth and faith in the heart!
3. Vision of Judgment (Joel 3:1-15)
3:1-3 – Prophetic enemies
3:4-8 – Present enemies
3:9-11 – Calling out to all
enemies 3:12-15 – All enemies destroyed
Joel 3:2,12 ÷ The judgment of the sheep and the goats. – Matthew 25:31-46)
Judgment of the Gate of Jehoshaphat
– This is the judgment after the second coming of Jesus Christ
– Before the great tribulation
– Who helped the Israelites (God’s people/who did not)
Verses 13,14 Which Am I on the site? Decisions must be made.
4. The Last Vision (Joel 3:16-21)
a. Zion’s strength (3:16)
b. Zion’s holiness (3:16)
c. Zion’s prosperity (3:18)
d. Zion’s Protection (3:19-21)
Continue reading verse 16
Now the prophet shifts to “real blessings.”
– After Jacob’s trouble – Great blessings (Isaiah 2, Zechariah 14)
– Verse 18 – Water will flow from the throne of the Messiah (Jerusalem) so that the river, (stream) of water will heal.
– Dead Sea
– Mediterranean Sea
– Shittim Bay here
(Reference text: Read Ezekiel 46)
Bringing healing.

Outline of the Book of Jonah:
Jonah 1-2 – The Deliverance of a Sinner/Prophet
1. Jonah’s Disobedience (Jonah 1:1-3)
2. Jonah’s Discipline (Jonah 1:4-16)
3. Jonah’s Deliverance (Jonah 1:17)
4. Jonah’s Declaration (Jonah 2:1-9)
A. Answer to Prayer (2:5-4)
B. Trouble and Deliverance (2:5-7)
c. Determination to Praise (2:8-9)
5. Jonah’s Deliverance (Jonah 2:10)
Jonah Chapters 3-4 – The Salvation of a City and a City
1. Jonah and the People of Nineveh – (Jonah 3:1-10)
a. Jonah is Commanded Again (3:1-4)
b. Nineveh’s Transformation (3:5-9)
c. God’s Mercy/Grace (3:10)
2. Jonah and God (Jonah 4:1-11)
a. Jonah’s Complaint (4:1-5)
b. Yahweh’s Work (4:6-8)
c. The Argument of Grace (4:9-11)

The Book of Jonah
 The Book of Jonah is a book unlike any other. It seems that the Book of Jonah reveals God’s universal love more than any other book!
 Who wrote the Book of Jonah?
– Jonah’s wife? Or Jonah, or we don’t know. Of course the Holy Spirit
 Jonah = means (dove).
 Man
– Jonah – Son of Amittai
– Jonah was a very famous prophet of his time. His
– The prophecy was about the restoration of Israel’s territory from the hands of the enemy (the Arameans) – He spoke for King Jeroboam II of Israel, and it was fulfilled (2 Kings 14:25) – Is the name mentioned?
– So Jonah lived during the time of King Jeroboam II of Israel.
– The date of the book of Jonah – Jonah’s journey to Nineveh is around 780-755 BC!
– Some also call Jonah “the prophet of God’s mercy”/“the first international missionary”!
– Jonah portrays a prophet of God, but a worldly type (worldly man).
– Jonah is described as having a (self-directed) (self-centered) character.
– Administrative character: (openness) (honesty)
– However, ‘hypocrisy’ was not in him
– Nationalistic narrow-mindedness, complete disregard for the spiritual condition outside of Israel (no concern)
 Mission:
Jonah had a calling: but rebelled against it.
– Mission of the book of Jonah – To save the city of Nineveh
– Jonah (to teach the prophet God’s mercy and compassion and grace) Plus us
– Jonah did not want those Gentiles to escape God’s wrath
: – Who else in the Bible wanted to see the wicked destroyed: ?
1. Jonah
2. James and John (Luke 1:51-56)
3. …….?
 Message:
Jonah is different from other prophetic books – where other books are full of warnings and prophecies about Israel and other nations – in the book of Jonah – there is a prophecy – a declaration – a message – “That too in a 5-word head (6 words in Nepali)
– the book focuses more on the messenger than the message, God is teaching the messenger something here!
 Main theme:
“God’s care for the lost”
Structure of the book of Jonah

1. Jonah 1:1-3 – Jonah’s disobedience
is typical. In the Old Testament, no prophet was to go and preach to a Gentile nation. – Nineveh; was a foreign city. The Lord says
– Nineveh – called “the great city” in terms of population
– was once the center of the Assyrian empire.
– Nineveh = “wicked city” – second to Sodom and Gomorrah
– was involved in wickedness – Assyrian idolatry and pride (Isaiah 10:5-19, 36:18-20)
– Cruel oppression (2 Kings 15:29, 17:6, Isaiah 36:16, 17)
– Inhuman wars
– So we find Jonah called to be the first foreign missionary.
– But Jonah’s response: Verse 3
– Disobedient to the mission – Fled to Tarshish, which was the southern part of Spain.
 Who is Jonah fleeing from
: – From the presence of God
– From Israel
– From Nineveh to
Spain How is this flight going for you, Jonah?
Spain Tarshish Where is Joppa? Where is

it?
Jonah
 

1:4-16
2. Jonah’s Discipline:
Verse 6 Can Jonah call upon the Lord?
Verse 14 I like that they called upon Yahweh.
Verse 16 They worshipped the living God.
 They rebuked him. Why did you run away from the living God?
 Verse 9 God also tells Jonah to testify to the Gentile sailors of the ship of the living God
– they believed in God.
Verse 12 I will be solved. Throw me.
3. Jonah 1:17 Jonah’s salvation
was appointed – “He who made the sea, the Lord of the sea creatures.”
“Great fish” – what fish? And the sea creature
– this is grace – to save him from the destruction of the sea

.  Did Jonah
 survive in the belly of the fish for 3 days and 3 nights?

 Did God raise Jonah from death?
 Have you heard the story of a man who was swallowed by a fish and came out alive?
I have heard/read that in the Old Testament survey notes it is also in the English notes – The fish survived for 2 days…
3 days and 3 nights – Matthew 12:40
4. Jonah’s prayer 2:1-5
Then Jonah prayed. – From the fish’s belly – His prayer room became.
In chapter 1 Jonah ran from God
In chapter 2 Jonah ran to God through prayer!
Verse 1 Prayer
Verse 2 He says that the previous prayer was answered – He cried out for help and God helped him.
Why Verse 3 Because he was thrown into the sea God threw him out.
Verse 5-7
– The waters surrounded him to the point of death
– He reached the mountains to the very top –
God brought Jonah out of the pit from the mouth of death by means of the great fish – Verse printed
and he remembered the Lord
Verse 8 – His own life is a testimony – he did the same.
Verse 9 Jonah needed salvation Plus the people of Nineveh also
have salvation from God!
5. Chapter 2:10 – Jonah’s release:
The fish turned the giant on dry land as an agent
and brought him back to Nineveh.
Jonah Chapter 3 – Jonah and the Ninevites
God could have controlled Jonah – but this is grace, (Jonah you are the preacher)
He did not let him go just because he was going to go. God says again “Get up and go” –
verse 3 This time – obedient
verse 4 His message – “5 words” – clear straightforward bold one – fulfilled.
Verse 5 – He said yes and amen to God’s word.
Verse 10 God gave mercy.
Read Jonah Chapter 4.

Outline of the Book of Amos
: A. Thunder of Judgment (1:2–2:16)
1. Thunder of Warning – Amos 1:2
2. Thunder against the Gentile Nations – Amos 1:3–5:3
3. Thunder against Judah – Amos 2:4–5
4. Thunder against Israel – Amos 2:6-16
A. Acts of Judgment (Chapters 3–6)
1. First Message (Chapters 3)
2. Second Message (Chapters 4)
3. Third Message (5:1–17)
4. Fourth Message (5:18–27)
5. Fifth Message (Chapters 6)
E. Consequences of Judgment (7:1–9:10)
1. 7:1–3 Vision of Locusts
2. 7:4–5 Vision of Devouring Fire
3. 7:7–9 Vision of Locusts
4. 7:10–17 Amos Banished from Israel
5. Chapter 8 – Fourth Vision and Message
6. Chapter 9 – Fifth Vision and Message
The Book of Amos
Amos 1:1
The name Amos means = “Bearer of the Bodum” ÷ Also called ‘Prophet of Saul’, Amos
was from = “Tekoa” – in the mountainous region of Judah, ten miles south of Jerusalem.
 
Amos’ profession = shepherd (not Roeh, but the word ‘Noqved’ is used – meaning ‘sheep herders’).
His place in the Old Testament is only mentioned in 2 Kings 3:4, where Mesha, king of Moab, raised a large number of sheep and provided the king of Israel with 100,000 sheep and wool.
That means – Amos managed a large flock of sheep, like a boss over other shepherds!
According to his description in Amos 7:14:
He was not a disciple of the prophets, did not go to the school of the prophets, but he calls himself “a gatherer of wild boars” – ÷ This indicates that he was a shepherd and a hunter!
– Although not wealthy, he was a prominent and respected person in his community!
According to 7:15, the Lord took him from following the flock and said, “Go, prophesy to my people Israel!” He calls him!
– Amos to preach in the northern part (Israel) The called/sent were from Judah (the south)!
Date/time of Amos’ ministry: During the reign of Uzziah, King of Judah, and Jeroboam II, King of Israel, plus 2 years before the earthquake – Zechariah 14:5
According to the Jewish historian Josephus, the earthquake occurred in (750 B.C.E.).
So we come to – in
– we are not far from 754-752 B.C.E.!
Amos and Hosea ministered at the same time:
At this time: The northern kingdom (Israel) was at the peak of its power, because the powerful king Jeroboam II, a military leader, had expanded the borders of the Aramaean territory and brought back the land of Israel (the area beyond the Jordan) plus
Israel was running on the verge of prosperity on an economic level. (The nation was rich)
but morally, spiritually the nation was impoverished!
– As Israel explored trade routes, wealth began to accumulate in Israelite cities, and an upper class emerged (4:1–3). Expensive houses were built (3:15,511,6:4,11).
The rich began to enjoy a luxurious lifestyle (6:1–6), while the poor
became targets of legal and economic exploitation (2:6,5:7,6:12,8:4–6). People were enslaved to pay off debts. The poor were sold as slaves.
– Meanwhile, people began to feel safe from judgment by doing religious deeds, offering sacrifices, and saying, “God is pleased with us!”
 Oppression of the poor
 I am justice
 Iniquity/unrighteousness

(through preaching, poetry, visions)
 God’s message to Amos: Although it is mainly about justice, it ends with a word of hope.

Chapter 1:2 – Zion is the name of Jerusalem. It is the high ground or mountain of Jerusalem. Jerusalem was abandoned by northern Israel after the division of the kingdom, as a place of worship: “The Lord roars like a lion” – Just as the fearsome roar of a lion makes its prey unable to move before it pounces, so the thunder of the Lord is like a deafening roar. (This indicates judgment)
Now before prophesying about Israel, Amos speaks about the surrounding nations: Chapters 1:3–2:3)
 Against the six Gentile nations: Then Judah and Israel –
Damascus, Philistia, Tyre, Edom, Ammon, Moab
Where are they on the map: –
 The guilt of each nation is shown :
 The punishment for each is announced 
Verses 3, 6, 9 Therefore, “for three or four transgressions” is called
: အာင်း
ရာ Where are Tyre, Gaza, Philistia, Israel, Samaria, Jerusalem, Judah, Damascus, Ammon, Moab, Edom on the map?  Israel is in the target/with the surrounding nations. – The judgment for the nation is like this = “fire will be sent” – I will send fire. (Read for yourself) Chapter 2:4 to….. 8 After the other 6 Gentile nations, God’s attention is now on His own people: Jude 4 – They despised/did not keep the written law/the Mosaic covenant or law: while the Gentile nations sinned against the natural law! The falsehoods – idolatry/false gods/ fire – which will consume the palaces of Jerusalem – fulfilled by the invasion of the Babylonian king, Nebuchadnezzar. Chapter 2:6 to Israel  When something wrong happens, does it bother God? – Oppression – Theft – Murder – Oppression – When does God keep silent? – “The Lord says – You think I am just like you” – “But I am not like that” says the Lord! – Something wrong is happening in Israel, God sees it and does not like it : 1. Verses 6-7 a) Greed and social injustice: Who does this? The oppression of the poor – Even the dust that the poor throw on their heads in mourning – The greedy like the dust of the earth covet even that dust.

Who sells someone for a pair of shoes?
For a luxurious life, the poor were oppressed, sold as slaves! How did such prosperity come to the nation?
Through King Jeroboam – he was a warrior – how many battles he defended the nation, 40 years of reign – he was a rich and powerful king, but also a wicked man!
– So with wealth came oppression.
Amos also tells a message about other surrounding nations, but they are not as responsible as Israel is, so he tells it briefly, and goes after Israel? Why – much is given, much is demanded!
7th B Immorality (sexual sin) – (going to the local prostitute was a daily routine) (man and his son)
– going to the same woman is an abomination.
Verse 8 If you took a garment, you should return it before nightfall (Exodus 22:26-Deuteronomy 24:12)
8. Go to the temple and drink wine because of the unjust fine
Chapters 9-12 – God worked in Israel – but the people turned away from God, made fun of it, mocked it, gave the Nazirites wine, and said, “Do not prophesy, O prophet, ha ha ha .. !!
– You are not one to just jump up and down, you are not one to just leave.”
When we see some of these things – something that is wrong, we need to be able to speak up, wisely, lovingly, and directly.
 Israel’s background: The context in which Amos is speaking:
About 200 years after the division of the kingdom (1 Kings 12), we can see the national decline after the division of
Israel
into Judah
, – the worship of the golden calf began as a national religion – in the 2 places that Jeroboam ruled – including the temple)
in Bethel, Baal, and the other in the wilderness. (Amos was sent to Bethel)
Then
Amos goes to the same temple and prophesies, saying that it is wrong and Amos also gets into trouble, being sent to Judah by the rulers (chapter 7)
Verse 13 Judgment – ​​“I will crush you” God crushes rebellious Israel like a cart full of grain!
Verses 14-16 There is no escape!
Chapter 3:
Verse 12 Because you are my people, I will punish you.
– This can be called a rebuke
– because they were more responsible (Luke 12:47 is given in context – much demand)
So in chapters 1-2 when talking about other nations, “Oh yes, they deserve it, they deserve it.”
Then God turns to Israel and targets you, but you are a greater punishment. He speaks about Israel until the end of the book.”
Verses 3 to 4 mean in a slightly explanatory way:
“Is there an effect, is there no cause?”
– Is there an effect without a cause? ÷“The leaves are shaken, is there no wind?”
He is saying: ‘There is a reason for your suffering’
 Does anything happen, without a cause?
Or is there a reason behind it?
1. The Lord determines.
2. Then why war in the city, why corona, earthquake..
– Indeed, Israelites, you are in trouble, I did it!
Verses 7-8 – Is it good? – If God is speaking in your heart, you must speak!
– In a way, Amos is saying that
“I prophesy, because the Lord has spoken”
– I am here, because God has sent me.
Now chapter 3:12 Chezbalat ‘the remaining portion’ ÷ sold portion
“Do not be afraid, little flock, for it is your Father’s pleasure to give you the kingdom.”
– Elijah says ‘I am alone’ – The Lord says “I have reserved 7,000 who have not bowed the knee to Baal” What is a toy? ‘Chezbalat’
Read some news.
Come on, let’s go to that chapter 1.
Verse 1
– Luxurious life
– Bashan – Pastures, greenery – lots of health, fat cows
– compare
– 8 The poor are being oppressed
– 8 There was drunkenness/drunkenness
Verses 2-3 – Expulsion – By the Assyrians
Verses 4-13 “Yet you have not returned to me” Verses 7,8,9,10,11
The Lord says – “I sent plagues – as a warning” Yet you have not returned to me.
Verse 12 Get ready to meet your God!
Chapter 5 The nation was certain to receive punishment, yet the people could individually seek God and live.
“Seek me and live” Seek God, but not in the places of worship that you have turned into idolatry.
– By perverting justice and turning it into poison
– By eating and drinking, corruption
– By rebuking the righteous and true witness
– By perverting social justice
– By depriving the poor of justice, by oppressing them
– They were participating in religious meetings and festivals.
– By offering offerings, sacrifices
and Amos says – “God hates such worship.” 8 This is religious hypocrisy.
In fact – “A right relationship with God also keeps the relationship with people right.” And together – The relationship with people shows how his relationship with God is?

Let’s read from verse 21..
Verse 24 The first is the main one
Justice: Water Righteousness
: A mighty river Flowing
– This is true worship.
Why are justice and righteousness important? It is important to God, but false gods and false religions do not demand it, they themselves are corrupt, but not Yahweh!
 Justice (ज्वद त्याजुबत)
means: the action taken to correct injustice, so that social justice is established.
 Righteousness (ज्वद त्याजुबत्रवाज)
means: the right relationship between people, despite their social differences.
Therefore, worship accompanied by justice and righteousness is acceptable.
– Sacrifices without justice and righteousness are counted, they cannot be smelled
– Songs without justice and righteousness are only noise, you should stop your ears.
– If you are not in good relations with your brother, first be right with him and offer your offering. Matthew 5:23-24
Now chapter 6 in general:
– The guilt is revealed about their luxury/indulgence/luxury life/surely judgment will come upon those who live in it.
Your party has become many, verse 12 is the main one Chapter 6
 (After 40 years, the Assyrian kingdom comes, and does exactly what Amos said.
Chapter 7 Now – Visions of Amos’ call:
Verses 1-2 – Vision of locusts – It bites because of Amos’s plea.
Verses 4-5 – Vision of consuming fire – One attempt.
Verses 7-9 – Vision of plumb line – This time the judgment was not going to be reversed.
Plumb line = instrument to measure straightness .
The plumb line is a good example of truth.
– Are you straight with truth? (Can be measured) side by side
– wall = Israel / plumb line = God’s law
– because it is not found straight, the high places and holy places would be destroyed.
 
Let’s read from verse 10 …..
 Expulsion from Amos’ land / The kings drive him out of Israel, from now on his ministry in Israel is over.
Amos, get out of here The leaders of Israel are saying go.
Yes I want to go, I am not here of my own free will, God told me to go, he explains his ministry. 14-15
– He never went to the school of prophets to be a prophet.
– He was a shepherd but God called me.
– Verse 16 Therefore – Listen to this verse
He is told to do 7 things up to verse 17.
– Amos now returns to Judah – Mission to Judah
Chapter 8
The Fourth Vision: A Basket of Ripe Fruit
Summer Fruit or “late fruit” – Completion “ripe fruit” refers to “the time of fulfillment
” – The Lord says – “The end has come for my people Israel” – Harvest time – “the harvest of death”.
Verse 4 – Regarding Levi
4-6 – Punishment
7-10 – Curse
11-14 – Consequences
Verse 11 – They would not listen now they
– By Urim and Thummim
– By prophets
– Not by dreams
– Not even the written word, the parchment Bible.
– The drought of the Bible
verse 12 They will wander for the Word.
 Remember a time like that, until now? A famine of the Word?
 It happened to King Saul once – He went to a woman who saw fortunes
 This is a spiritual famine (famine).
Verses 13,14 Especially the calf worshipers who worshiped by calling on the name of the god – will fall – will not rise again –

the result of leaving the living God, false gods, idolatry, and false religions, – we will not receive any Word
– we will be destroyed.
Now Chapter 1 Fifth Vision – The Last Vision)

 Let’s read the temple wall
verses 1-4 God was with them, not for good, but for evil
– Those who escaped by building the temple would be killed by the sword – not one would be left.
– Those who tried to escape the sword – would
be taken out of the crown of their head, from the height and the depth,
even to the sea,
even if they went into captivity, the sword of God would not spare them . They
were destroyed.
The wall of the temple of Bethel is struck against the doorposts, and the entire building is destroyed, this is a picture of the judgment of the leaders of Israel, the idolaters, and those gods!
– Their end has come:
Let’s read verse 8 – The only hope “This generation is the promise of Yahweh” “The tribulation” So from verse 11 – and at some point after all the nations are taken captive into the sin-filled kingdom – wonderful blessings await the faithful:
verses 11-15 – This actually speaks of the “thousand year kingdom” :
God always held out the “thousand year kingdom” as a hope for the Jews
– Abraham also looked forward to that city
verse 11 I will restore the house of David from the ruins. And again build a family of people in God
– quoted in Acts 15:15-17.
The Messianic Kingdom of the Future is
the Kingdom of God over all nations
vv. 13-15 – The Blessing of the Messianic Kingdom
So the book of Amos explains the relationship between God’s justice and mercy,

and even today we learn from the book of Amos that, from Israel’s hypocrisy, and destruction – that true worship will always –
 This is what the book of Amos teaches!

Outline of the Book of Hosea

The Book of Hosea
Hosea – The Prophet of the Broken Heart
Name: Hosea means – “Salvation” or “Help”
Hosea is also called the “Jeremiah of the Northern Kingdom”. Also the “Prophet of Grace”
– Hosea was the son of ‘Beri’ – nothing more is known.
– Hosea may have been of the Northern Kingdom
– We have given the period of Hosea’s ministry as 760-710 – the time of Hosea’s ministry which is called the eighth century B.C. – which is known as the golden age of the Hebrew prophets. Jonah’s successful journey to Nineveh occurred at the beginning of this era. From the midpoint to the end of the eighth century B.C.E., four other great prophets appeared in history – Amos was sent to preach in the northern kingdom, Hosea was called to preach in the same period, in the year of the death of the king of Judah (739 B.C.E.), and Micah ministered in the south at his time – so there were about five great prophets ministering in the same era.
– Hosea’s call to ministry begins with the command to “marry a woman of prostitution.” (Hosea 1:2)
Hosea’s unquenchable love for his wife reveals God’s faithful love despite the unfaithfulness of Israel and its people. (John 3:16)
– By marrying an unfaithful wife, which perhaps no other prophet could have done, Hosea reveals and presents God’s heartache for the northern kingdom. God’s people were continually committing spiritual adultery, and adultery against God.
– For illustrative purposes: Hosea’s own marriage was a visible and ongoing example of the message he delivered to Israel.
– The names of Hosea’s children describe the future judgment and eternal restoration of Israel!
Hosea – God’s picture
Gomer – Fallen/adulterous Israel
Hosea’s children – Judgment and punishment
– ​​We see Hosea minister more than any other prophet.
– Hosea predicted the Assyrian invasion, and Hosea later saw that prophecy fulfilled in 722 B.C.E.!
– Israel is consistently referred to as Ephraim/Ephraim throughout his book.
– Because Ephraim was the first of the Israelite tribes to backslide.
God uses Ephraim to represent the entire nation of Israel.
 The theme of the book of Hosea: “God’s love for those who have fallen away”
 The book is long, with 6 chapters (14 chapters) and not enough time to read it one by one.
– It is particularly difficult to outline the message, as the subject matter changes so quickly that it seems that the book of Hosea must be a compilation of the preaching notes of Hosea’s long ministry:
Hosea 1,2 – The Harlot 1. There could be a temple prostitute.
Because they had the Canaanite god Baal (god of the seasons and fertility).
Agriculture, fertility, children fruitful, how blessed are you?
So sexual activity in the temple to please the god of fertility was also a matter of worship and pleasing the god.
2. There could be a common prostitute, – What is a prostitute? We understand that – a woman who is willing to have many men, for religion or money, pleasure, or whatever reason.
So God tells Hosea to marry and have children!
The first child – it seems, is Hosea’s child
, the second, the third first – “I have accepted her.”
Gomer has been faithful to Hosea up to this point, – she has probably stopped her prostitution. But with the second child she left her husband. – She went back to prostitution.
So what is the picture of Hosea marrying a prostitute?
God is comparing this part with prostitution.
God is referring to idolatry as prostitution.
– What is the relationship between prostitution and idolatry?
But God is stopping this in parallel.
– The Lord says – This country has turned away from following the Lord and has committed great prostitution.
– It is like worshipping you and other gods. Then this idolatry is spiritual adultery with the living God.
– For I am a ‘jealous God’. You shall have no other gods before me – Ten Commandments – First)
So God = Faithful Husband
Israel = Unfaithful Wife
When the children are born – First child – This I acknowledge – I was faithful to you Israel.
But in the second and third children you have forsaken me – You have turned away from me, you are no longer my people.
Name Second child – Daughter = Lo-ruhamah
(meaning: not shown mercy)
Third child – Son = Lo-ammi
(meaning: not my people) Verses 10-11
A glimpse of the Messianic Kingdom : Even though it has been going on for a while now – God is reminding us of the great blessings that will come later. Verse 10 God is remembering the covenant he made with Abraham. One leader – “Christ the Messiah the King” ÷ Both nations become one. Chapter 2:1 verse – These words will be spoken to the restored people. After the relationship with the Lord is restored, they are called to declare it to their brothers and sisters. Chapter 2 verses 1-5 (A mother who is unfaithful to her husband) – The prophet is comparing Israel to a beautiful woman, a beautiful happy life as Hosea tells his son – then there is shame, embarrassment, nakedness, being seen as foolish, being rejected by the people, being taken into captivity. Verse 5 This lover – the god Baal – must be!! – God is speaking here as a husband who has been seriously wronged – that “she is not my wife, I am not her husband!” Verses 6-13 The punishment begins: Verse 8 God is speaking: Read these verses carefully – it is God who has blessed them. Right? Their lovers’ lover Baal thought that he had provided those things, so God would take those blessings away. Yes, God punished them, but not to completely end the relationship but to replace it. Look, verses 14-23 verse 14 He speaks to her easily – as a father verse 15 The days of her youth – when she came out of Egypt – she was still young. (Like a young girl – all one nation) She was the first. Verse 16 Ishi – Husband Bali – Baal God – Read this though it is a message of restoration. Verse 19 onwards – God, who had forbidden marriage, would betroth her in righteousness, justice, mercy, tender mercies. Just as a man would pay a bride price when he betrothed a virgin – in Jewish law! – Then Israel would know God in response to God’s love showered upon her in abundance! Verse 21 Now the blessing is revealed.

Chapter 3 The Restoration of Hosea’s Marriage – Just as Hosea’s experience with his unfaithful wife illustrated Israel’s rejection of the Lord, his union with his wayward wife shows the restoration of God’s love for Israel:
Verse 1 God tells Hosea to show his love once again to his adulterous wife. (It’s like this – show unconditional love for your wife.)
Verses 2-3 – More details about what happened there – “Hosea obeyed the Lord’s command.
Hosea paid the ransom and freed his wife – a large sum of money (15 shekels of silver and barley) the equivalent of a slave’s price.
(Exodus 21:32) How Hosea and his wife got into this situation is uncertain, Hosea had money, (I don’t think so) – perhaps she had become a temple prostitute, perhaps she had been tricked by her lovers and sold into slavery – tricked, bound and enslaved. After taking legal rights of redemption for Gomer, Hosea declares
to Gomer that her adulterous life is now over . Verses 4-5 Kingless Last King Messiah (King of Judah) 1000 years from now they will have no king – for many days to come! They still have no king, they have a king but they don’t know him. . – No sacrifices 70 years ago – Now 2024 years ago They have no sacrifices – Now they are looking for the temple, the king and the sacrifices in these early days. Chapter 4 Chapters 4 to 14 we find the messages of Hosea: As given in the structure of the book Chapters 4:2-6:3 “Lack of knowledge of God” 8 sins of the people Verses 1:3-5 8 sins of the priests Verses 6-10 8 sins of idolatry Verses 11-29 Verse 6 Pvt = knowledge of God = The only knowledge that is necessary. ÷This knowledge is not knowledge of knowing, but knowledge of knowing through personal intimacy! There is a difference between knowing the Lord and knowing the Lord. Since the priests have rejected the knowledge of God, they are also rejected: Verses 7,8,9 ÷Like men, like priests. – They were not just in one place, they were scattered throughout the nation ÷so that they could teach the people about God! Remember, when Jeroboam got the kingdom, he removed the priests, the priests moved south or stayed here (apostated) – fell – then he used them to teach the priests to worship the golden calf, appointing lowly and lowly priests. (Read 2 Kings 12) – who were not of the house of Levi. So the priests abandoned the law, there is no knowledge of the law, there is no teacher in the northern kingdom, there are no priests of God, but the priests, as there are people, so there are priests. If the people are homosexuals = the priests are also homosexuals If the people are dishonest = the priests are also dishonest The same comment says – the priests also practiced literal prostitution, the worship of Baal in the temple with the temple prostitutes.

Verse 16 – The retreating doe?
Doe – must be like a calf or a young bull that has not yet been grazed – (Reference: Hosea 10:12) What is the relationship between doe and lamb?
In a wide open place = open to attack, that must be the meaning. Soon to be prey.
Verse 15 – Beth-aven is the same as Bethel – another name used in a sarcastic way – Bethel – the house of God Beth-aven – the house of deceit (their idolatry spoiled the identity of the place!)
(making it clear to Judah not to follow Israel’s path)
Verse 17 Ephraim – represent the entire nation of Israel, okay.
Chapter 5 is the judgment given to Israel. Verse 15 As long as I am wrong, you will not admit, ‘How wrong I am’ – “I will return to my place.”
Now chapter 6 verses 1-3 Hosea is calling for repentance –
like people Jesus is resurrected and we will live before Him
but Pastor Saylor explains it this way.
After 2 days
– 1 day is a thousand years for God.
2 days 3 days
(2000 years) 1000 years – He will raise up Israel. The time that God tore – it seems like for 2000 years the Israelites were scattered, persecuted, smitten, torn apart In 1948 they were resurrected – now there is another 1 day 1000 years where Christ reigns – the Messianic Kingdom
verses 1-3 are promising the future – to the Israelites
Chapter 6:4-11:11 – Lack of mercy
Chapter 6:4-11 God says “I desire mercy, not outward righteousness.”
Verse 6 is a 6th verse. Is mercy a good word?
The danger for God’s people is to show outward forms of worship and to neglect inward worship?
This is better – to show mercy rather than sacrifice, to know my cause rather than burnt offerings.
Chapter 7 – Not murder but mercy
The iniquity of Ephraim – Let’s read verses 1-3
Verses 4-7 The oven is hot, he sleeps all night, and burns even more,
hot – adultery, murder, crime, sins – it burns like an oven.
Verse 8 Ephraim – It is unturned bread – (What is unturned bread?)
Have you eaten it?
– It is good to bake bread – but it must be baked well ÷ 5 minutes on one side ÷ 5 minutes on the other.
– Unturned – An uncooked/unfinished/unbalanced life
is not of good use.
It looks good, it is bread, but it is not worth eating!
Verse 9 Your strength is failing, and you do not know it – (Flourish hair = As you grow old, your strength is failing!
Verse 11 Foolish fool = From here to there, flying/wandering/one thing from one place to another. (A restless person)
 They were relying on foreign powers to maintain national relations!
Verse 16 Deceiving bow = Bow that goes in the wrong direction – I cannot trust you/untrustworthy.
Chapter 8 – Not a violation of the law but mercy
Verses 1-3 – You say we know you – but you do not.
Verse 4 – The kings of Israel were not appointed by God – He allowed them just as He allows the wicked, explain the same verse, Chapter 9
“Does God love these people, or not? These words and judgments come from the same God, whose heart is very big for His people. God is sad, what has happened there – broken hearts, they have run away from Him even when He tries to bring them back.
Chapter 9 – Great loss = “The result of sin is great loss”
Verses 1-2 – Loss of joy – Wine represents joy.
Verses 3-5 – Loss of spiritual opportunities
Verse 6 – Loss of ancestral property – After they go into captivity.
What is Megphis? – There was an ancient city of (Bnathawut) (Ribushtab), where the pyramids were.
Verses 7-9 The Key of Discernment – ​​Know always, that whenever we turn away from God, we lose our judgment.
Spiritual people Unidentified
verses 10-16 Productivity/Fertility/Birth rate is decreasing:
Remember the fertility god – ? He is no longer doing a good job! ÷ Your gods are false gods, they are not gods, I will do them.
Chapter 10 God’s punishment of fallen religion
verse 2 Divided heart
verse 8 The same is said in Revelation 6 – When judgment is so fierce – there is nowhere to go – the righteous go to God, to take refuge, the wicked are cast down to the ground.
Chapter 10:12-15 Appeal to Repent
Sow the seed of righteousness – practice righteousness with your neighbors and brothers – then you will reap – divine grace. Galatians 6:6-7 is a true heart.
Preparing to sow the seed is to till the ground – prepare for a new kind of life.
Verse 13 is true.
Now in chapter 11:1
the ‘my son’ quoted in the New Testament – ​​the nation – the Messiah – has a double meaning.
Israel was a child when she was in Egypt.
In chapter 11 God is portrayed as a loving father – a father who loves, who raised his son Israel and shared everything – (verses 3-4)
but the son grew up, became stubborn and rebellious and turned away from his father, taking advantage of his tenderness.
So in this passage God is emotionally divided: – One moment he is angry, that I will bring terrible consequences (verses 5-7)
– But the next moment his heart breaks, he is in turmoil.
– Then he says – my mercies are awakened together – and he will have mercy on his beloved son. Verses 8-9
– Nevertheless God allows them to be taken captive by the Assyrians, but that is not the last word, there is still hope.
– (Adiah and Zeboiim Deuteronomy 29:23 Sodom and Gomorrah are the cities that were destroyed together.
Verses 10-11 – In the last days the children will hear the call of the father, and will come from the four corners of the earth, they will come as quickly as the birds. That happened, didn’t it?
Now chapters 12-14 The lack of faithfulness to the covenant
Chapter 12:1-2 – The foreign alliance with Assyria and Egypt
Verses 3-6 The Lord goes back in history to remind us, there is a contrast between the lives of their ancestors and their lives now!
Verse 8 Look, we are prosperous, if we had sinned how would we have been rich, how would we have been blessed? The logic? The truth was sent.
Read the rest of the verses
Chapter 13:1-8 – From life to death
9-16 – From death to life
Verses 1-2 Spiritual death Verses 4-6 The result of prosperity was to be separated from God (Deuteronomy 8:11) That is why there was prosperity, flourishing, being satisfied to the full, that is why they forgot God! It can happen to us too.
Verses 7-8 – This is how their death would come – Instead of a serious God being a wild beast attacking them, Yahweh would be a lion.
A wild beast = their enemy!
Verses 9-16 From death to life
Read verses 14-15
– Redeeming death by paying the price
– challenging death to do its worst. And it will not be victorious – God can bring life back from death, complete destruction, and death, just as Jesus did in the resurrection.
– 1 Corinthians 15:55
is about the resurrection of the dead.
– Israel will also be resurrected as a nation, in fact.
Verses 15-16 – But the agent is true for the present moment.
Chapter 14 The Final Appeal for Repentance
In this chapter the prophet paints a beautiful picture of what God will do for God’s patient people.
Verses 1-3 The call to repentance – a complete return to God, a complete transformation. General repentance is accepted.
Verse 2 Not empty-handed
– perhaps we can lead His people before Him – see, didn’t you say so?
– Verse They will no longer rely on any military force for salvation and protection, and – Yahweh is a merciful Father.
– Verses 4-5 The immediate result of repentance: God responds immediately.
Apostasy is seen as a disease that God will heal. Love is not anger – repentance does this.
Verses 5-7 – Prosperity, prosperity, beauty will return again!
The beauty and glory of the nation
(when will this happen? In the thousand-year reign, of course)
Verse 8 – God says, Come to me God is the tree of life – from which Israel draws fruit!
The last verse was left out in the 9 renders
It is left with a warning – The wise and understanding can easily discern these things (which Hosea wrote). The ways of the Lord are straight = (right) –÷The ways of the wicked are crooked.
Yes, those paths are revealed in His Word, in which the righteous will walk uprightly.
The wicked – those who reject the word of the Lord will not experience abundant life and eternal life!
– Just as Jesus Christ also became a stumbling block. (The wicked will stumble)
– I think we understand this, we understand the book of Hosea, we read, we understand its sentence patterns, we meditate on it – by the grace of God – we can say – we understand!
– We are people who have played by faith.
Amen

“The Book of Micah”
‘The Prophet of the Savior of Bethlehem’
Micah’s name means: “Who is like Yahweh?”
Micah was from a simple village in Judah, Moresheth, 25 miles southwest of Jerusalem – on the Philistine border.
 When did he minister?
Let’s read Chapter 1 through 1 Kings 3 Kings beginning in 750 B.C.E.!
He was sent to – Jerusalem plus Samaria ÷ 722 B.C.E. He ministered certainly before the destruction of Samaria – we are not far from 750-700 B.C.E.!
This age in Hebrew prophecy = the Golden Age of Hebrew prophecy (8th century B.C.E.)
– along with Micah
– Amos
– Jonah
– Hosea
– Isaiah (Isaiah 1:1)
So the purpose of Micah’s mission was to correct ‘iniquity’ and ‘injustice’ in the land of Judah by warning of justice. And the ultimate purpose was to announce the future kingdom of God, which would be established in the land by a coming ruler!
– Micah preaches in the capital city of Jerusalem rather than in homes and villages, at the same time Isaiah was also preaching his preaching!
– Therefore, the book of Micah – 7 chapters ÷ 105 verses ÷
‘Structure of the Book of Micah’
Immediate judgment Current corruption Supreme present to handle
Announcement Punishment Blessing Repentance Hope
(1:2–2:5) (2:6–3:12) Request for promise Demonstration
(Chapters 4–5) (6:1–7:6) (7:7–20)
Chapters 1–2 Chapters 3–5 Chapters 6–7
Message to the nations Message to leaders, rulers Message to Israel
(First message) (Second..) (Third..)
The book of Micah presents some contradictions (but this is beautiful):
– Yahweh is the God of Israel, at the same time the God of all nations.
– Yahweh is the Judge, at the same time He is the Savior.
– Yes, His anger is terrible, but also His wrath is amazing.
– He demands and executes justice, yet He promises forgiveness.
– Yahweh scatters, but at the same time He gathers His flock.
– He will destroy Zion, but He will also revive it.
 The book of Micah contains 40 specific prophecies. 73 verses are involved, about 705 of the book. For example: The complete destruction of Samaria (1:1–7)
– The birth of the Messiah (5:2)
– The exaltation of the Messianic Jerusalem (2:1–8)
2 key words in Micah
: 1. Justice
2. Mercy
They are based on the Mosaic Covenant (Deuteronomy 27–28)
 Is justice essential?
In our society? – Is it important?
In the Bible?
 Let’s say – there is no justice in the world, what would the world be like?